DBT Skills — Adult Group

Relationship Dynamics

What happens between people, and what happens underneath. An EFT-informed conversation.

What this is 8 to 10 min

Most of the pain in our lives shows up in relationships. The cycle with a partner who goes quiet. The friend who stopped texting back. The parent we keep explaining ourselves to. Today we look at those moments through the lens of Emotion-Focused Therapy, which treats attachment not as weakness but as wiring.

EFT says two things that matter here. First, when we are stressed in a close relationship, we protest. We pursue, or we withdraw, or both people lock up. Second, underneath the protest there is almost always a softer feeling, and that softer feeling is the one that could actually change something if it got said out loud.

This is a talking group. The goal is not to finish a worksheet. The goal is to get honest about the patterns we run, and hear how other people run theirs.

Confidentiality

What's shared here stays here. Names, stories, details, all of it is protected. The only exception is safety.

You can pass at any point. No explanation needed. If something doesn't fit right now, say "pass" and we move on.


Three questions 10 to 12 min

One at a time around the room. Answer the one that fits, or pick the question you'd rather not answer and do that one.

1
When you were a kid, who did you go to when something hurt?
A person, or no one. Both are answers. If no one, what did you do instead.
2
When a close person pulls away from you now, what is your first move?
Reach out harder, go quiet, get angry, get busy. Name the move before you explain it.
3
Is there a relationship in your life right now where the same fight keeps happening?
You don't have to say who. Just nod if yes, shake if no.

The dance you didn't choose 15 to 18 min

Sue Johnson, who built EFT, says that when two people get activated around each other, they fall into one of three patterns. She calls them Demon Dialogues. The name is a little dramatic. The patterns are not. You already know them.

The trick is that we think we're fighting about the thing. The dishes, the text that didn't come, the tone. We're not. We're doing a choreography that was set up long before this relationship started, and it runs itself.

Find the Bad Guy
+

Mutual blame. Both people pointing. "You always..." meets "Well, you never..." No one is taking in what the other is saying. Each person is building a case.

The case-building is the giveaway. You know you're in this when part of you is scripting the next line while they're still talking.

Underneath: both people feel unsafe and are trying to establish they are not the problem.
The Protest Polka
+

One person pursues, the other withdraws. The more one reaches, the more the other pulls back. The more one pulls back, the harder the other reaches. Neither person is doing it on purpose. Each move makes the other move worse.

This is the most common pattern. Johnson says it accounts for most of what couples fight about, whether or not the relationship is romantic.

Underneath: the pursuer is protesting disconnection. The withdrawer is protecting from what feels like attack.
Freeze and Flee
+

Both people pull back. The silence stretches. The texts get shorter. Eventually it's easier to not bring it up. The relationship cools from the inside.

This one looks calm. It is not calm. It is two people in separate rooms of the same house who have both decided it is safer to not try.

Underneath: both people have concluded that reaching out will not work, so they stop reaching.
Facilitator note

Ask the room which dance shows up most in their lives. Let two or three people name theirs. Do not ask for the story yet. The story comes later. Just the pattern.

What's under the reaction 12 to 15 min

EFT borrows from Leslie Greenberg's emotion theory: every reaction has two layers. On top is what shows on your face and in your voice. That's the secondary emotion. It's the one that comes out fast. Anger, contempt, withdrawal, numbness.

Underneath is the primary emotion. The softer one. The one that would actually tell the other person what you need. Hurt. Fear. Aloneness. Shame. Longing.

Most of our relational trouble is that we lead with the top layer and the other person reacts to the top layer. They never meet the bottom layer. Neither do we.

Anger on top
Often hurt underneath

Anger at a close person is almost always covering something softer. The question to ask yourself is: what did I hope for from them that didn't come. The gap between what you hoped for and what you got is where the hurt lives.

If you lead with anger, they defend. If you lead with hurt, they often reach.
Criticism on top
Often fear underneath

"You always" and "you never" are usually fear talking. Fear that this person won't show up, or has already started leaving. Criticism is an attempt to get their attention without admitting we need it.

Criticism sounds strong. It is a protest against feeling small.
Withdrawal on top
Often overwhelm underneath

Going quiet, leaving the room, shutting the laptop. Withdrawal looks like distance. It's often flooding. The system is overloaded and the only move left is to get out.

The withdrawer is not indifferent. The withdrawer is drowning quietly.
Numb on top
Often grief underneath

The "I don't care" that comes with a shrug. Numbness is usually what grief looks like when the grief has been there too long to name. It is a way of protecting yourself from feeling something you already feel.

Numbness is not absence of feeling. It is feeling at a volume you learned to turn down.
Clinical note

For folks in eating disorder recovery, this layer matters. The relational rupture hits, the primary emotion is unbearable, and the behavior steps in as a regulator. Restrict, binge, purge, exercise. The sequence is often rupture → primary emotion → behavioral escape. Naming the sequence is the first intervention.

Four scenes 18 to 20 min

Four short moments between two people. For each one, the group names what pattern is running and what might be underneath for each person. Then we reveal one possible reading. There's no single right answer. The reveal is a starting point, not a verdict.

Read the scene aloud. Let the room talk for a minute or two before hitting the button.

Scene one

She has been texting him all day. Three messages, no reply. When he finally calls at 9pm, she says "so I guess I'm just supposed to sit here waiting." He says, "I was in meetings all day, Jesus." She hangs up.

Pattern: Protest Polka. She pursues with an edge. He withdraws under the edge. Neither person meets the other.

Under her anger: the fear that she matters less than his meetings. Aloneness. The story "I'm too much."

Under his defense: the feeling of being measured and failing. Shame. The story "nothing I do is enough."

The conversation that could change it: her saying "I was scared you'd forgotten about me." His saying "I hate feeling like I can't get it right with you."

Scene two

His mother calls on Sunday. She asks how he's doing. He says "fine." She asks what's new. He says "not much." She says "you never tell me anything anymore." He says he has to go.

Pattern: Freeze and Flee, with a brief Protest Polka at the end. They have done this so many times that neither one tries hard anymore. Her protest is soft. His flee is soft. The relationship is cooling.

Under his "fine": years of feeling that his real answers get corrected, judged, or worried about. The story "she can't handle me."

Under her "you never tell me anything": grief that she is losing her son slowly. The story "I have failed as a mother."

The conversation that could change it: him saying "I stopped telling you things because I couldn't stand the reactions." Her saying "I miss you and I don't know how to get you back."

Scene three

Two friends. One of them got engaged last month. They used to text every day. Now the other one hasn't reached out in three weeks. When they finally meet for coffee, neither of them brings it up. They talk about work.

Pattern: Freeze and Flee. Both are avoiding the real thing. The friendship is running on surface content because the underneath has gotten heavy.

Under the friend who pulled back: a feeling of being left behind. Comparison. Shame about their own singleness or stuckness. The story "I'm going to lose her."

Under the friend who got engaged: guilt about changing. A worry that her happiness hurts her friend. The story "I can't talk about this with her."

The conversation that could change it: one of them saying "something shifted between us and I don't want to pretend it didn't."

Scene four

Third date. He says "so do you want to keep doing this." She says "what do you mean." He says "like, seeing each other." She says "I mean, are you asking me to be exclusive, or..." He laughs and says "forget it."

Pattern: a short Find the Bad Guy in the making. He risked asking and misread her response as rejection. She was trying to figure out the question. His "forget it" is withdrawal dressed as a joke.

Under his laugh: the humiliation of having reached. The story "I should have known better than to ask."

Under her "I mean...": she was actually interested and thrown by the directness. The story "I blew it by pausing."

The conversation that could change it: him saying "I got scared when you paused." Her saying "I was figuring out the question, not the answer."

Facilitator note

If someone strongly disagrees with a reveal, that disagreement is gold. Their alternate reading is probably coming from their own attachment pattern. Stay curious with them rather than defending the card.

What's honest for you 10 min

Pick any question. Skip any question. We are looking for specificity, not performance. One clear example beats five vague observations.

Opening
Which of the three dances is most familiar in your life? What does it look like when you do it?
If someone says "none," ask about a friendship or a parent, not a romantic partner. The pattern shows up somewhere.
Going deeper
What does your pursuit or your withdrawal protect?
Reframes the defense as protection, not pathology. If silence lands, offer three options: it protects dignity, it protects the other person, it protects me from more hurt.
Primary emotion
What is the feeling that lives under your anger, or under your silence? When did you last touch it?
The "when" question keeps this from becoming theoretical.
Costs
What does your strategy cost you, even when it works?
For the person who defends their pattern. Don't argue the strategy. Make the cost visible and let the group witness.
Body
When you feel pulled toward someone or pulled away from them, where does that show up in your body?
Good for members who intellectualize. Keeps affect in the room without requiring narrative.
Repair
When was the last time a rupture with someone actually got mended? What did the mending look like?
Counters the assumption that group work requires deficit stories. Many people have never watched a repair happen and don't know it is possible.

Pick one 3 to 5 min

One small move between now and next week. Not a breakthrough. A specific moment where you do something different than the dance wants you to.

Name the pattern out loud
To one person you trust. "I think we do the protest polka and I'm the pursuer."
Drop one layer
In one argument this week, say the primary emotion instead of the secondary one. "I'm hurt," not "you're selfish."
Repair one rupture
A small one. "I was short with you yesterday and I want to circle back." Not a big conversation. A stitch.
Watch without fixing
Notice one pursue/withdraw cycle happening in your life this week. Don't try to change it. Just see it run.

One sentence

Around the room. In one sentence, what is a takeaway you're leaving with, and what is the one small thing you're going to do between now and next time.

Facilitator note

Push for specificity. "Be more open" is not a plan. "Tell my sister on Sunday that I miss her" is a plan. Ask follow-ups until the commitment has a person, a moment, and a sentence.